Introduction
I. Concepts, definitions and the analytical confusion
1. Human rights and democratic development
1.1. Democracy, good governance, and the rule of law
1.2. Liberalisation, democratisation, reforms
1.3. The centrality of human rights - but which ones?
2. Benchmarking
2.1. Origin, characteristics, and success factors of a diffuse concept
2.2. Problems associated with benchmarking
3. Summary
II. Benchmarking democracy and human rights in the Euro-Mediterranean context
1. Benchmarking and Euro-Mediterranean relations
1.1. Meaning(s) of benchmarking in Euro-Mediterranean relations
1.2. The integration of benchmarking under the EMP
1.3. Soft benchmarking versus hard benchmarking?
1.4. Civil society and its role in implementing the ENP
2. The ENP Action Plans: A case of 'benchmarking'?
2.1. Morocco
2.2. Tunisia
2.3. Palestinian Authority
2.4. Jordan
2.5. Israel
3. Summary
III. Benchmarking democratisation: A focus on process
1. Phases and components of democratisation
1.1. Liberalisation from autocratic rule
1.2. Democratic transition
1.3. Democratic consolidation
2. Translating criteria into indicators? Some proposals
2.1. Liberalisation of autocratic regimes (phase I)
2.2. Democratic transition (phase II)
3. Summary
Conclusions and recommendations
Bibliography